Seismic risk across the United States is expanding beyond traditional fault zones. According to the latest National Seismic Hazard Model from the U.S. Geological Survey, nearly 75% of the United States could experience a damaging earthquake.
Oklahoma
Oklahoma went from being a region of relatively low seismic activity to the state with the highest number of earthquakes per year nationwide in less than a decade. The state’s dramatic transformation stems from oil and gas operations.
Wastewater injection resulting from oil and gas production caused a dramatic rise in seismic activity between 2009 and 2015. While regulatory efforts have reduced some activity, the region remains vulnerable. Emergency management officials have developed response plans that now include seismic events alongside traditional weather-related hazards.
Texas
West Texas has experienced significant seismic changes, particularly in the Permian Basin. The region has documented substantial increases in earthquake frequency since 2015, directly linked to expanded oil and gas operations.
The impact of these injections on earthquake activity can be long-lasting, with effects persisting years after initial operations. Emergency planners are revising response protocols to include earthquake scenarios. Local governments are examining building codes for schools and hospitals. Residents are learning earthquake safety procedures that were unnecessary just a decade ago.
Central Virginia
Central Virginia has emerged as an unexpected seismic concern. The region recorded over 100 minor earthquakes in recent years. This is a significant increase for an area historically considered stable.
The 2011 magnitude 5.8 earthquake near Louisa County demonstrated the region’s vulnerability. Scientists have identified previously dormant fault lines showing renewed activity. The Virginia Seismic Network monitors the area closely and encourages building retrofits for older structures. Local governments are updating emergency response plans and considering changes to building codes.
Appalachian Region
Parts of West Virginia and eastern Kentucky are experiencing subtle but meaningful increases in seismic activity.
The region was historically considered low risk for earthquakes. Recent monitoring has detected more frequent minor tremors throughout the area. Scientists are investigating potential connections between mining activities and ground instability. Local authorities are implementing new building standards and emergency response strategies. Community education programs help residents understand earthquake risks.
New Madrid Seismic Zone
The New Madrid Seismic Zone spans Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee, and Kentucky. While the region has not experienced major earthquakes since the early 1800s, seismic risk remains elevated. Population growth has increased the number of people and structures in potential danger zones.
The USGS estimates a 25 to 40% probability of a magnitude 6 or greater earthquake within the next 50 years. Regional authorities are strengthening critical infrastructure, including bridges, schools, and hospitals.
Charleston, South Carolina
Charleston carries a legacy of significant seismic activity from the devastating 1886 earthquake. Recent monitoring shows increased minor tremor activity in the region.
Scientists point to tectonic changes along the Eastern Seaboard as contributing factors. The city’s growing tourism industry and expanding population increase potential earthquake impacts. Local officials are implementing stricter building codes and enhanced emergency response protocols. The South Carolina Seismic Network has expanded monitoring capabilities.
Pacific Northwest
The Cascadia Subduction Zone represents one of North America’s most significant earthquake threats. The region sits above a major fault system capable of producing catastrophic earthquakes. The last major event occurred in 1700, and geographical evidence suggests the area is overdue for another significant earthquake.
Washington and Oregon have intensified public education campaigns about earthquake preparedness. State agencies are developing comprehensive evacuation plans for coastal communities vulnerable to tsunamis.
Alaska
Alaska maintains its position as one of America’s most seismically active regions. Recent data indicates both increased frequency and strength of earthquake events.
The Alaska Earthquake Center records thousands of earthquakes annually, with many strong enough to cause structural damage. Remote geography presents unique challenges for emergency response efforts. Real-time monitoring and early warning systems have become essential tools for residents.
East Coast
States including New York and New Jersey have experienced subtle increases in seismic activity, with a 4.8 magnitude earthquake in 2024.
These typically minor events suggest deeper geological changes occurring beneath the surface. Urban development and subsurface modifications from human activity may contribute to increased earthquake risks. The USGS has launched new monitoring initiatives to track East Coast seismic hazards. Emergency planners are developing earthquake preparedness programs for areas traditionally focused on other natural disasters.
Great Lakes Region
The Great Lakes region has witnessed the reactivation of ancient fault lines previously considered stable. Scientists have documented increased minor seismic events throughout the area. Growing populations in cities like Chicago and Detroit face potential earthquake risks that were not previously considered. Infrastructures in the region were not designed with seismic activity in mind, creating vulnerability concerns.
Community initiatives are emerging to educate residents about earthquake preparedness.
